o3-mini vs o4-mini-deep-research vs DeepSeek-R1
o4-mini-deep-research comes out ahead, 49 to 40 and 31 on our weighted score.
OpenAIo3-mini
40/100- ECI140.3
- Price$1.10 / $4.40
- Context200K
- Our pickOpenAI
o4-mini-deep-research
49/100- ECI—
- Price—
- Context200K
DeepSeekDeepSeek-R1
31/100- ECI139.0
- Price$0.70 / $2.60
- Context128K
o4-mini-deep-research is our pick
o4-mini-deep-research is the better all-round choice, scoring 49/100 against o3-mini (40) and DeepSeek-R1 (31). It leads on inputs & features. The score weighs inputs & features 60%, context window 40%. None of the shared benchmarks cover every model here yet, so capability is left out of this verdict.
- CapabilityNot enough dataNo independent benchmark covers every model here yet
- Lowest priceDeepSeek-R1DeepSeek-R1 $1.18 · o3-mini $1.93 per 1M tokens (3:1 blend) · o4-mini-deep-research unpriced
- Longest contexto3-mini and o4-mini-deep-researcho3-mini 200,000 · o4-mini-deep-research 200,000 · DeepSeek-R1 128,000 tokens
- Widest inputso4-mini-deep-researcho3-mini: Text · o4-mini-deep-research: Text, Images · DeepSeek-R1: Text
- Self-hostingDeepSeek-R1Publishes downloadable weights
| Measure | Weight | o3-mini | o4-mini-deep-research | DeepSeek-R1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inputs & features | 60% | 45 | 60 | 35 |
| Context window | 40% | 32 | 32 | 24 |
| Overall | 100% | 40/100 | 49/100 | 31/100 |
Left out because at least one model lacks the data: capability and price. The remaining weights were rescaled.
Every spec in one table
Highlighted cells lead their row. Dashes mean the data is not published.
| Specification | o3-miniOpenAI | o4-mini-deep-researchOpenAI | DeepSeek-R1DeepSeek |
|---|---|---|---|
| Capability | |||
| Capabilities Index (ECI) | 140.3 (best) | — | 139.0 |
| ECI rank | #98 of 148 (best) | — | #104 of 148 |
| GPQA DiamondGraduate-level science questions | 77.0% (best) | — | 71.7% |
| FrontierMath Tiers 1–3Research-level mathematics | 18.6% | — | — |
| OTIS Mock AIME 2024–2025Competition mathematics | 76.9% (best) | — | 53.3% |
| SimpleQA VerifiedShort factual questions | 15.3% | — | — |
| Price per million tokens | |||
| Input | $1.10 | — | $0.70 (best) |
| Output | $4.40 | — | $2.60 (best) |
| Cached input | $0.55 | — | — |
| Blended (3:1) | $1.93 | — | $1.18 (best) |
| Long-context rate | Same rate | — | Same rate |
| Price source | Official OpenAI API | — | Median of 11 providers |
| Limits | |||
| Context window | 200,000 tokens (best) | 200,000 tokens (best) | 128,000 tokens |
| Max output | 100,000 tokens (best) | 100,000 tokens (best) | 32,768 tokens |
| Inputs and features | |||
| Text | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Images | No | Yes | No |
| PDFs | No | No | No |
| Audio | No | No | No |
| Video | No | No | No |
| Reasoning | Yeslow · medium · high | Yes | Yes |
| Tool calling | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Structured output | Yes | No | No |
| Availability | |||
| Weights | Proprietary | Proprietary | Open |
| API model ID | o3-mini | — | — |
| API providers | 15 (best) | — | 12 |
| Released | Jan 31, 2025 | Jun 26, 2024 | Jan 20, 2025 |
| Knowledge cutoff | May 2024 | May 2024 | Jul 2024 |
What would a month cost?
Enter your expected volume in millions of tokens. List prices only; caching and batch discounts would lower these.
- o3-mini$19.80
- o4-mini-deep-research—
- DeepSeek-R1$12.20
Which should you choose?
Which is better: o3-mini, o4-mini-deep-research or DeepSeek-R1?
o4-mini-deep-research is the better all-round choice, scoring 49/100 against o3-mini (40) and DeepSeek-R1 (31). It leads on inputs & features. The score weighs inputs & features 60%, context window 40%. None of the shared benchmarks cover every model here yet, so capability is left out of this verdict.
Which is cheaper, o3-mini, o4-mini-deep-research or DeepSeek-R1?
DeepSeek-R1 is cheaper at $0.70 input / $2.60 output per million tokens (median across 11 API providers). o3-mini costs $1.10 input / $4.40 output per million tokens (official OpenAI API price). At a typical mix of three input tokens to one output token, that is $1.18 per million tokens for DeepSeek-R1 versus $1.93 for o3-mini (1.6× as much). o4-mini-deep-research has no published per-token price.
Which scores higher on benchmarks?
There is no independent benchmark that covers all three models yet. o3-mini has an ECI of 140.3, o4-mini-deep-research has not been scored yet and DeepSeek-R1 has an ECI of 139.0.
Which is better for coding?
There are no published SWE-bench Verified results for o3-mini, o4-mini-deep-research and DeepSeek-R1 yet, so there is no like-for-like coding score. Test both on a sample of your own tasks. All three support tool calling for agent workflows.
Which has the bigger context window?
o3-mini and o4-mini-deep-research have the largest context windows (200,000 and 200,000 tokens), against 128,000 for DeepSeek-R1. Maximum output per response: o3-mini up to 100,000, o4-mini-deep-research up to 100,000, DeepSeek-R1 up to 32,768 tokens.
Which can read images, PDFs, audio or video?
o3-mini accepts text; o4-mini-deep-research accepts text and images; DeepSeek-R1 accepts text. o4-mini-deep-research handles the widest range of inputs.
Are any of these open source?
DeepSeek-R1 publishes its weights and can be self-hosted; o3-mini and o4-mini-deep-research is proprietary.
Which is newer?
o3-mini is the newest, released Jan 31, 2025. DeepSeek-R1 came out Jan 20, 2025; o4-mini-deep-research came out Jun 26, 2024. Knowledge cutoff: o3-mini May 2024, o4-mini-deep-research May 2024, DeepSeek-R1 Jul 2024.
How do you decide the winner?
Each model gets a 0–100 score on capability (50%, independent benchmark results); price (25%, blended price per million tokens (3 input : 1 output), log scale); inputs & features (15%, image, PDF, audio and video input, tool calling, structured output and reasoning); context window (10%, maximum tokens per request, log scale). Dimensions missing for any model are dropped and the remaining weights rescaled, so every model is judged on the same evidence. Specs and prices come from public model listings and the labs’ own API pages; capability scores come from independent benchmark runs. Data updated Oct 4, 2026.
