GPT-5.2 vs o3 vs Gemini 3 Pro Preview
Gemini 3 Pro Preview comes out ahead, 67 to 61 and 58 on our weighted score, though o3 is 22% cheaper per token.
OpenAIGPT-5.2
61/100- ECI153.5
- Price$1.75 / $14.00
- Context400K
- OpenAI
o3
58/100- ECI146.9
- Price$2.00 / $8.00
- Context200K
- Our pick
GoogleGemini 3 Pro Preview
67/100- ECI153.0
- Price$2.00 / $12.00
- Context1.05M
Gemini 3 Pro Preview is our pick
Gemini 3 Pro Preview is the better all-round choice, scoring 67/100 against GPT-5.2 (61) and o3 (58). It leads on inputs & features and context window. o3 wins on price. The score weighs capability 50%, price 25%, inputs & features 15%, context window 10%.
- CapabilityGPT-5.2Capabilities Index (ECI): GPT-5.2 153.5 · Gemini 3 Pro Preview 153.0 · o3 146.9
- Lowest priceo3o3 $3.50 · Gemini 3 Pro Preview $4.50 · GPT-5.2 $4.81 per 1M tokens (3:1 blend)
- Longest contextGemini 3 Pro PreviewGemini 3 Pro Preview 1,048,576 · GPT-5.2 400,000 · o3 200,000 tokens
- Widest inputsGemini 3 Pro PreviewGPT-5.2: Text, Images · o3: Text, Images, PDFs · Gemini 3 Pro Preview: Text, Images, PDFs, Audio, Video
- Self-hostingNo open weightsAll three are available only through APIs
| Measure | Weight | GPT-5.2 | o3 | Gemini 3 Pro Preview |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CapabilityCapabilities Index (ECI) | 50% | 83 | 74 | 82 |
| Price | 25% | 18 | 24 | 19 |
| Inputs & features | 15% | 70 | 80 | 100 |
| Context window | 10% | 44 | 32 | 61 |
| Overall | 100% | 61/100 | 58/100 | 67/100 |
Every spec in one table
Highlighted cells lead their row. Dashes mean the data is not published.
| Specification | GPT-5.2OpenAI | o3OpenAI | Gemini 3 Pro PreviewGoogle |
|---|---|---|---|
| Capability | |||
| Capabilities Index (ECI) | 153.5 (best) | 146.9 | 153.0 |
| ECI rank | #38 of 148 (best) | #63 of 148 | #39 of 148 |
| GPQA DiamondGraduate-level science questions | 91.4% | 81.8% | 92.6% (best) |
| FrontierMath Tiers 1–3Research-level mathematics | 67.4% (best) | 33.3% | — |
| OTIS Mock AIME 2024–2025Competition mathematics | 96.1% (best) | 84.4% | 91.4% |
| SWE-bench VerifiedFixing real GitHub issues | 73.8% (best) | 62.3% | 72.9% |
| SimpleQA VerifiedShort factual questions | 37.1% | 49.4% (best) | — |
| Price per million tokens | |||
| Input | $1.75 (best) | $2.00 | $2.00 |
| Output | $14.00 | $8.00 (best) | $12.00 |
| Cached input | $0.175 (best) | $0.50 | — |
| Blended (3:1) | $4.81 | $3.50 (best) | $4.50 |
| Long-context rate | Same rate | Same rate | Same rate |
| Price source | Official OpenAI API | Official OpenAI API | Median of 2 providers |
| Limits | |||
| Context window | 400,000 tokens | 200,000 tokens | 1,048,576 tokens (best) |
| Max output | 128,000 tokens (best) | 100,000 tokens | 65,536 tokens |
| Inputs and features | |||
| Text | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Images | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| PDFs | No | Yes | Yes |
| Audio | No | No | Yes |
| Video | No | No | Yes |
| Reasoning | Yeslow · medium · high · xhigh | Yeslow · medium · high | Yes |
| Tool calling | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Structured output | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Availability | |||
| Weights | Proprietary | Proprietary | Proprietary |
| API model ID | gpt-5.2 | o3 | — |
| API providers | 21 (best) | 18 | 3 |
| Released | Dec 11, 2025 | Apr 16, 2025 | Nov 18, 2025 |
| Knowledge cutoff | Aug 31, 2025 | May 2024 | Jan 2025 |
What would a month cost?
Enter your expected volume in millions of tokens. List prices only; caching and batch discounts would lower these.
- GPT-5.2$45.50
- o3$36.00
- Gemini 3 Pro Preview$44.00
Which should you choose?
Which is better: GPT-5.2, o3 or Gemini 3 Pro Preview?
Gemini 3 Pro Preview is the better all-round choice, scoring 67/100 against GPT-5.2 (61) and o3 (58). It leads on inputs & features and context window. o3 wins on price. The score weighs capability 50%, price 25%, inputs & features 15%, context window 10%.
Which is cheaper, GPT-5.2, o3 or Gemini 3 Pro Preview?
o3 is cheaper at $2.00 input / $8.00 output per million tokens (official OpenAI API price). Gemini 3 Pro Preview costs $2.00 input / $12.00 output per million tokens (median across 2 API providers); GPT-5.2 costs $1.75 input / $14.00 output per million tokens (official OpenAI API price). At a typical mix of three input tokens to one output token, that is $3.50 per million tokens for o3 versus $4.50 for Gemini 3 Pro Preview (1.3× as much) and $4.81 for GPT-5.2 (1.4× as much).
Which scores higher on benchmarks?
GPT-5.2 scores higher on the Capabilities Index (ECI): GPT-5.2 153.5 (#38 of 148), Gemini 3 Pro Preview 153.0 (#39 of 148) and o3 146.9 (#63 of 148). The confidence ranges of the top two overlap (151.7–155.4 vs 150.6–155.2), so treat the gap as small. On individual benchmarks: GPQA Diamond — Gemini 3 Pro Preview 92.6%, GPT-5.2 91.4%, o3 81.8%; OTIS Mock AIME 2024–2025 — GPT-5.2 96.1%, Gemini 3 Pro Preview 91.4%, o3 84.4%; SWE-bench Verified — GPT-5.2 73.8%, Gemini 3 Pro Preview 72.9%, o3 62.3%.
Which is better for coding?
GPT-5.2 resolves more real GitHub issues on SWE-bench Verified: GPT-5.2 73.8%, Gemini 3 Pro Preview 72.9% and o3 62.3%. All three support tool calling for agent workflows.
Which has the bigger context window?
Gemini 3 Pro Preview has the largest context window at 1,048,576 tokens, against 400,000 for GPT-5.2 and 200,000 for o3. Maximum output per response: GPT-5.2 up to 128,000, o3 up to 100,000, Gemini 3 Pro Preview up to 65,536 tokens.
Which can read images, PDFs, audio or video?
GPT-5.2 accepts text and images; o3 accepts text, images and PDFs; Gemini 3 Pro Preview accepts text, images, PDFs, audio and video. Gemini 3 Pro Preview handles the widest range of inputs.
Are any of these open source?
No. GPT-5.2, o3 and Gemini 3 Pro Preview are proprietary and only available through APIs and apps.
Which is newer?
GPT-5.2 is the newest, released Dec 11, 2025. Gemini 3 Pro Preview came out Nov 18, 2025; o3 came out Apr 16, 2025. Knowledge cutoff: GPT-5.2 Aug 31, 2025, o3 May 2024, Gemini 3 Pro Preview Jan 2025.
How do you decide the winner?
Each model gets a 0–100 score on capability (50%, independent benchmark results); price (25%, blended price per million tokens (3 input : 1 output), log scale); inputs & features (15%, image, PDF, audio and video input, tool calling, structured output and reasoning); context window (10%, maximum tokens per request, log scale). Dimensions missing for any model are dropped and the remaining weights rescaled, so every model is judged on the same evidence. Specs and prices come from public model listings and the labs’ own API pages; capability scores come from independent benchmark runs. Data updated Oct 4, 2026.
